man/mann/read.n - toolchains/skids - Git at Google

 '\"
 '\" Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
 '\" Copyright (c) 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
 '\"
 '\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
 '\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
 '\"
 '\" RCS: @(#) $Id: read.n,v 1.7 2001/09/14 19:20:40 andreas_kupries Exp $
 '\"
 '\" The definitions below are for supplemental macros used in Tcl/Tk
 '\" manual entries.
 '\"
 '\" .AP type name in/out ?indent?
 '\"	Start paragraph describing an argument to a library procedure.
 '\"	type is type of argument (int, etc.), in/out is either "in", "out",
 '\"	or "in/out" to describe whether procedure reads or modifies arg,
 '\"	and indent is equivalent to second arg of .IP (shouldn't ever be
 '\"	needed;  use .AS below instead)
 '\"
 '\" .AS ?type? ?name?
 '\"	Give maximum sizes of arguments for setting tab stops.  Type and
 '\"	name are examples of largest possible arguments that will be passed
 '\"	to .AP later.  If args are omitted, default tab stops are used.
 '\"
 '\" .BS
 '\"	Start box enclosure.  From here until next .BE, everything will be
 '\"	enclosed in one large box.
 '\"
 '\" .BE
 '\"	End of box enclosure.
 '\"
 '\" .CS
 '\"	Begin code excerpt.
 '\"
 '\" .CE
 '\"	End code excerpt.
 '\"
 '\" .VS ?version? ?br?
 '\"	Begin vertical sidebar, for use in marking newly-changed parts
 '\"	of man pages.  The first argument is ignored and used for recording
 '\"	the version when the .VS was added, so that the sidebars can be
 '\"	found and removed when they reach a certain age.  If another argument
 '\"	is present, then a line break is forced before starting the sidebar.
 '\"
 '\" .VE
 '\"	End of vertical sidebar.
 '\"
 '\" .DS
 '\"	Begin an indented unfilled display.
 '\"
 '\" .DE
 '\"	End of indented unfilled display.
 '\"
 '\" .SO
 '\"	Start of list of standard options for a Tk widget.  The
 '\"	options follow on successive lines, in four columns separated
 '\"	by tabs.
 '\"
 '\" .SE
 '\"	End of list of standard options for a Tk widget.
 '\"
 '\" .OP cmdName dbName dbClass
 '\"	Start of description of a specific option.  cmdName gives the
 '\"	option's name as specified in the class command, dbName gives
 '\"	the option's name in the option database, and dbClass gives
 '\"	the option's class in the option database.
 '\"
 '\" .UL arg1 arg2
 '\"	Print arg1 underlined, then print arg2 normally.
 '\"
 '\" RCS: @(#) $Id: man.macros,v 1.4 2000/08/25 06:18:32 ericm Exp $
 '\"
 '\"	# Set up traps and other miscellaneous stuff for Tcl/Tk man pages.
 .if t .wh -1.3i ^B
 .nr ^l \n(.l
 .ad b
 '\"	# Start an argument description
 .de AP
 .ie !"\\$4"" .TP \\$4
 .el \{\
 .   ie !"\\$2"" .TP \\n()Cu
 .   el          .TP 15
 .\}
 .ta \\n()Au \\n()Bu
 .ie !"\\$3"" \{\
 \&\\$1	\\fI\\$2\\fP	(\\$3)
 .\".b
 .\}
 .el \{\
 .br
 .ie !"\\$2"" \{\
 \&\\$1	\\fI\\$2\\fP
 .\}
 .el \{\
 \&\\fI\\$1\\fP
 .\}
 .\}
 ..
 '\"	# define tabbing values for .AP
 .de AS
 .nr )A 10n
 .if !"\\$1"" .nr )A \\w'\\$1'u+3n
 .nr )B \\n()Au+15n
 .\"
 .if !"\\$2"" .nr )B \\w'\\$2'u+\\n()Au+3n
 .nr )C \\n()Bu+\\w'(in/out)'u+2n
 ..
 .AS Tcl_Interp Tcl_CreateInterp in/out
 '\"	# BS - start boxed text
 '\"	# ^y = starting y location
 '\"	# ^b = 1
 .de BS
 .br
 .mk ^y
 .nr ^b 1u
 .if n .nf
 .if n .ti 0
 .if n \l'\\n(.lu\(ul'
 .if n .fi
 ..
 '\"	# BE - end boxed text (draw box now)
 .de BE
 .nf
 .ti 0
 .mk ^t
 .ie n \l'\\n(^lu\(ul'
 .el \{\
 .\"	Draw four-sided box normally, but don't draw top of
 .\"	box if the box started on an earlier page.
 .ie !\\n(^b-1 \{\
 \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul'
 .\}
 .el \}\
 \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul'
 .\}
 .\}
 .fi
 .br
 .nr ^b 0
 ..
 '\"	# VS - start vertical sidebar
 '\"	# ^Y = starting y location
 '\"	# ^v = 1 (for troff;  for nroff this doesn't matter)
 .de VS
 .if !"\\$2"" .br
 .mk ^Y
 .ie n 'mc \s12\(br\s0
 .el .nr ^v 1u
 ..
 '\"	# VE - end of vertical sidebar
 .de VE
 .ie n 'mc
 .el \{\
 .ev 2
 .nf
 .ti 0
 .mk ^t
 \h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\L'|\\n(^Yu-1v\(bv'\v'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu'\h'-|\\n(^lu+3n'
 .sp -1
 .fi
 .ev
 .\}
 .nr ^v 0
 ..
 '\"	# Special macro to handle page bottom:  finish off current
 '\"	# box/sidebar if in box/sidebar mode, then invoked standard
 '\"	# page bottom macro.
 .de ^B
 .ev 2
 'ti 0
 'nf
 .mk ^t
 .if \\n(^b \{\
 .\"	Draw three-sided box if this is the box's first page,
 .\"	draw two sides but no top otherwise.
 .ie !\\n(^b-1 \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c
 .el \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c
 .\}
 .if \\n(^v \{\
 .nr ^x \\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu
 \kx\h'-\\nxu'\h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\ky\L'-\\n(^xu'\v'\\n(^xu'\h'|0u'\c
 .\}
 .bp
 'fi
 .ev
 .if \\n(^b \{\
 .mk ^y
 .nr ^b 2
 .\}
 .if \\n(^v \{\
 .mk ^Y
 .\}
 ..
 '\"	# DS - begin display
 .de DS
 .RS
 .nf
 .sp
 ..
 '\"	# DE - end display
 .de DE
 .fi
 .RE
 .sp
 ..
 '\"	# SO - start of list of standard options
 .de SO
 .SH "STANDARD OPTIONS"
 .LP
 .nf
 .ta 5.5c 11c
 .ft B
 ..
 '\"	# SE - end of list of standard options
 .de SE
 .fi
 .ft R
 .LP
 See the \\fBoptions\\fR manual entry for details on the standard options.
 ..
 '\"	# OP - start of full description for a single option
 .de OP
 .LP
 .nf
 .ta 4c
 Command-Line Name:	\\fB\\$1\\fR
 Database Name:	\\fB\\$2\\fR
 Database Class:	\\fB\\$3\\fR
 .fi
 .IP
 ..
 '\"	# CS - begin code excerpt
 .de CS
 .RS
 .nf
 .ta .25i .5i .75i 1i
 ..
 '\"	# CE - end code excerpt
 .de CE
 .fi
 .RE
 ..
 .de UL
 \\$1\l'|0\(ul'\\$2
 ..
 .TH read n 8.1 Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands"
 .BS
 '\" Note:  do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!
 .SH NAME
 read \- Read from a channel
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 \fBread \fR?\fB\-nonewline\fR? \fIchannelId\fR
 .sp
 \fBread \fIchannelId numChars\fR
 .BE

 .SH DESCRIPTION
 .PP
 In the first form, the \fBread\fR command reads all of the data from
 \fIchannelId\fR up to the end of the file.  If the \fB\-nonewline\fR
 switch is specified then the last character of the file is discarded
 if it is a newline.  In the second form, the extra argument specifies
 how many characters to read.  Exactly that many characters will be
 read and returned, unless there are fewer than \fInumChars\fR left in
 the file; in this case all the remaining characters are returned.  If
 the channel is configured to use a multi-byte encoding, then the
 number of characters read may not be the same as the number of bytes
 read.
 .PP
 .VS
 \fIChannelId\fR must be an identifier for an open channel such as the
 Tcl standard input channel (\fBstdin\fR), the return value from an
 invocation of \fBopen\fR or \fBsocket\fR, or the result of a channel
 creation command provided by a Tcl extension. The channel must have
 been opened for input.
 .VE
 .PP
 If \fIchannelId\fR is in nonblocking mode, the command may not read as
 many characters as requested: once all available input has been read,
 the command will return the data that is available rather than
 blocking for more input.  If the channel is configured to use a
 multi-byte encoding, then there may actually be some bytes remaining
 in the internal buffers that do not form a complete character.  These
 bytes will not be returned until a complete character is available or
 end-of-file is reached.  The \fB\-nonewline\fR switch is ignored if
 the command returns before reaching the end of the file.
 .PP
 \fBRead\fR translates end-of-line sequences in the input into
 newline characters according to the \fB\-translation\fR option
 for the channel.
 See the \fBfconfigure\fR manual entry for a discussion on ways in
 which \fBfconfigure\fR will alter input.

 .SH "USE WITH SERIAL PORTS"
 '\" Note:  this advice actually applies to many versions of Tcl

 For most applications a channel connected to a serial port should be
 configured to be nonblocking: \fBfconfigure \fIchannelId \fB\-blocking
 \fI0\fR.  Then \fBread\fR behaves much like described above.  Care
 must be taken when using \fBread\fR on blocking serial ports:
 .TP
 \fBread \fIchannelId numChars\fR
 In this form \fBread\fR blocks until \fInumChars\fR have been received
 from the serial port.
 .TP
 \fBread \fIchannelId\fR
 In this form \fBread\fR blocks until the reception of the end-of-file
 character, see \fBfconfigure -eofchar\fR. If there no end-of-file
 character has been configured for the channel, then \fBread\fR will
 block forever.


 .SH "SEE ALSO"
 file(n), eof(n), fblocked(n), fconfigure(n), Tcl_StandardChannels(3)

 .SH KEYWORDS
 blocking, channel, end of line, end of file, nonblocking, read, translation, encoding
	'\"
	'\" Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
	'\" Copyright (c) 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
	'\"
	'\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
	'\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
	'\"
	'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: read.n,v 1.7 2001/09/14 19:20:40 andreas_kupries Exp $
	'\"
	'\" The definitions below are for supplemental macros used in Tcl/Tk
	'\" manual entries.
	'\"
	'\" .AP type name in/out ?indent?
	'\" Start paragraph describing an argument to a library procedure.
	'\" type is type of argument (int, etc.), in/out is either "in", "out",
	'\" or "in/out" to describe whether procedure reads or modifies arg,
	'\" and indent is equivalent to second arg of .IP (shouldn't ever be
	'\" needed; use .AS below instead)
	'\"
	'\" .AS ?type? ?name?
	'\" Give maximum sizes of arguments for setting tab stops. Type and
	'\" name are examples of largest possible arguments that will be passed
	'\" to .AP later. If args are omitted, default tab stops are used.
	'\"
	'\" .BS
	'\" Start box enclosure. From here until next .BE, everything will be
	'\" enclosed in one large box.
	'\"
	'\" .BE
	'\" End of box enclosure.
	'\"
	'\" .CS
	'\" Begin code excerpt.
	'\"
	'\" .CE
	'\" End code excerpt.
	'\"
	'\" .VS ?version? ?br?
	'\" Begin vertical sidebar, for use in marking newly-changed parts
	'\" of man pages. The first argument is ignored and used for recording
	'\" the version when the .VS was added, so that the sidebars can be
	'\" found and removed when they reach a certain age. If another argument
	'\" is present, then a line break is forced before starting the sidebar.
	'\"
	'\" .VE
	'\" End of vertical sidebar.
	'\"
	'\" .DS
	'\" Begin an indented unfilled display.
	'\"
	'\" .DE
	'\" End of indented unfilled display.
	'\"
	'\" .SO
	'\" Start of list of standard options for a Tk widget. The
	'\" options follow on successive lines, in four columns separated
	'\" by tabs.
	'\"
	'\" .SE
	'\" End of list of standard options for a Tk widget.
	'\"
	'\" .OP cmdName dbName dbClass
	'\" Start of description of a specific option. cmdName gives the
	'\" option's name as specified in the class command, dbName gives
	'\" the option's name in the option database, and dbClass gives
	'\" the option's class in the option database.
	'\"
	'\" .UL arg1 arg2
	'\" Print arg1 underlined, then print arg2 normally.
	'\"
	'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: man.macros,v 1.4 2000/08/25 06:18:32 ericm Exp $
	'\"
	'\" # Set up traps and other miscellaneous stuff for Tcl/Tk man pages.
	.if t .wh -1.3i ^B
	.nr ^l \n(.l
	.ad b
	'\" # Start an argument description
	.de AP
	.ie !"\\$4"" .TP \\$4
	.el \{\
	. ie !"\\$2"" .TP \\n()Cu
	. el .TP 15
	.\}
	.ta \\n()Au \\n()Bu
	.ie !"\\$3"" \{\
	\&\\$1 \\fI\\$2\\fP (\\$3)
	.\".b
	.\}
	.el \{\
	.br
	.ie !"\\$2"" \{\
	\&\\$1 \\fI\\$2\\fP
	.\}
	.el \{\
	\&\\fI\\$1\\fP
	.\}
	.\}
	..
	'\" # define tabbing values for .AP
	.de AS
	.nr )A 10n
	.if !"\\$1"" .nr )A \\w'\\$1'u+3n
	.nr )B \\n()Au+15n
	.\"
	.if !"\\$2"" .nr )B \\w'\\$2'u+\\n()Au+3n
	.nr )C \\n()Bu+\\w'(in/out)'u+2n
	..
	.AS Tcl_Interp Tcl_CreateInterp in/out
	'\" # BS - start boxed text
	'\" # ^y = starting y location
	'\" # ^b = 1
	.de BS
	.br
	.mk ^y
	.nr ^b 1u
	.if n .nf
	.if n .ti 0
	.if n \l'\\n(.lu\(ul'
	.if n .fi
	..
	'\" # BE - end boxed text (draw box now)
	.de BE
	.nf
	.ti 0
	.mk ^t
	.ie n \l'\\n(^lu\(ul'
	.el \{\
	.\" Draw four-sided box normally, but don't draw top of
	.\" box if the box started on an earlier page.
	.ie !\\n(^b-1 \{\
	\h'-1.5n'\L'\|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'\|0u-1.5n\(ul'
	.\}
	.el \}\
	\h'-1.5n'\L'\|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'\|0u-1.5n\(ul'
	.\}
	.\}
	.fi
	.br
	.nr ^b 0
	..
	'\" # VS - start vertical sidebar
	'\" # ^Y = starting y location
	'\" # ^v = 1 (for troff; for nroff this doesn't matter)
	.de VS
	.if !"\\$2"" .br
	.mk ^Y
	.ie n 'mc \s12\(br\s0
	.el .nr ^v 1u
	..
	'\" # VE - end of vertical sidebar
	.de VE
	.ie n 'mc
	.el \{\
	.ev 2
	.nf
	.ti 0
	.mk ^t
	\h'\|\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\|\\n(^Yu-1v\(bv'\v'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu'\h'-\|\\n(^lu+3n'
	.sp -1
	.fi
	.ev
	.\}
	.nr ^v 0
	..
	'\" # Special macro to handle page bottom: finish off current
	'\" # box/sidebar if in box/sidebar mode, then invoked standard
	'\" # page bottom macro.
	.de ^B
	.ev 2
	'ti 0
	'nf
	.mk ^t
	.if \\n(^b \{\
	.\" Draw three-sided box if this is the box's first page,
	.\" draw two sides but no top otherwise.
	.ie !\\n(^b-1 \h'-1.5n'\L'\|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'\|0u'\c
	.el \h'-1.5n'\L'\|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'\|0u'\c
	.\}
	.if \\n(^v \{\
	.nr ^x \\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu
	\kx\h'-\\nxu'\h'\|\\n(^lu+3n'\ky\L'-\\n(^xu'\v'\\n(^xu'\h'\|0u'\c
	.\}
	.bp
	'fi
	.ev
	.if \\n(^b \{\
	.mk ^y
	.nr ^b 2
	.\}
	.if \\n(^v \{\
	.mk ^Y
	.\}
	..
	'\" # DS - begin display
	.de DS
	.RS
	.nf
	.sp
	..
	'\" # DE - end display
	.de DE
	.fi
	.RE
	.sp
	..
	'\" # SO - start of list of standard options
	.de SO
	.SH "STANDARD OPTIONS"
	.LP
	.nf
	.ta 5.5c 11c
	.ft B
	..
	'\" # SE - end of list of standard options
	.de SE
	.fi
	.ft R
	.LP
	See the \\fBoptions\\fR manual entry for details on the standard options.
	..
	'\" # OP - start of full description for a single option
	.de OP
	.LP
	.nf
	.ta 4c
	Command-Line Name: \\fB\\$1\\fR
	Database Name: \\fB\\$2\\fR
	Database Class: \\fB\\$3\\fR
	.fi
	.IP
	..
	'\" # CS - begin code excerpt
	.de CS
	.RS
	.nf
	.ta .25i .5i .75i 1i
	..
	'\" # CE - end code excerpt
	.de CE
	.fi
	.RE
	..
	.de UL
	\\$1\l'\|0\(ul'\\$2
	..
	.TH read n 8.1 Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands"
	.BS
	'\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!
	.SH NAME
	read \- Read from a channel
	.SH SYNOPSIS
	\fBread \fR?\fB\-nonewline\fR? \fIchannelId\fR
	.sp
	\fBread \fIchannelId numChars\fR
	.BE

	.SH DESCRIPTION
	.PP
	In the first form, the \fBread\fR command reads all of the data from
	\fIchannelId\fR up to the end of the file. If the \fB\-nonewline\fR
	switch is specified then the last character of the file is discarded
	if it is a newline. In the second form, the extra argument specifies
	how many characters to read. Exactly that many characters will be
	read and returned, unless there are fewer than \fInumChars\fR left in
	the file; in this case all the remaining characters are returned. If
	the channel is configured to use a multi-byte encoding, then the
	number of characters read may not be the same as the number of bytes
	read.
	.PP
	.VS
	\fIChannelId\fR must be an identifier for an open channel such as the
	Tcl standard input channel (\fBstdin\fR), the return value from an
	invocation of \fBopen\fR or \fBsocket\fR, or the result of a channel
	creation command provided by a Tcl extension. The channel must have
	been opened for input.
	.VE
	.PP
	If \fIchannelId\fR is in nonblocking mode, the command may not read as
	many characters as requested: once all available input has been read,
	the command will return the data that is available rather than
	blocking for more input. If the channel is configured to use a
	multi-byte encoding, then there may actually be some bytes remaining
	in the internal buffers that do not form a complete character. These
	bytes will not be returned until a complete character is available or
	end-of-file is reached. The \fB\-nonewline\fR switch is ignored if
	the command returns before reaching the end of the file.
	.PP
	\fBRead\fR translates end-of-line sequences in the input into
	newline characters according to the \fB\-translation\fR option
	for the channel.
	See the \fBfconfigure\fR manual entry for a discussion on ways in
	which \fBfconfigure\fR will alter input.

	.SH "USE WITH SERIAL PORTS"
	'\" Note: this advice actually applies to many versions of Tcl

	For most applications a channel connected to a serial port should be
	configured to be nonblocking: \fBfconfigure \fIchannelId \fB\-blocking
	\fI0\fR. Then \fBread\fR behaves much like described above. Care
	must be taken when using \fBread\fR on blocking serial ports:
	.TP
	\fBread \fIchannelId numChars\fR
	In this form \fBread\fR blocks until \fInumChars\fR have been received
	from the serial port.
	.TP
	\fBread \fIchannelId\fR
	In this form \fBread\fR blocks until the reception of the end-of-file
	character, see \fBfconfigure -eofchar\fR. If there no end-of-file
	character has been configured for the channel, then \fBread\fR will
	block forever.


	.SH "SEE ALSO"
	file(n), eof(n), fblocked(n), fconfigure(n), Tcl_StandardChannels(3)

	.SH KEYWORDS
	blocking, channel, end of line, end of file, nonblocking, read, translation, encoding