| '\" |
| '\" Copyright (c) 1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc. |
| '\" |
| '\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution |
| '\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES. |
| '\" |
| '\" RCS: @(#) $Id: grid.n,v 1.5 2001/09/30 19:01:58 pspjuth Exp $ |
| '\" |
| '\" The definitions below are for supplemental macros used in Tcl/Tk |
| '\" manual entries. |
| '\" |
| '\" .AP type name in/out ?indent? |
| '\" Start paragraph describing an argument to a library procedure. |
| '\" type is type of argument (int, etc.), in/out is either "in", "out", |
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| '\" and indent is equivalent to second arg of .IP (shouldn't ever be |
| '\" needed; use .AS below instead) |
| '\" |
| '\" .AS ?type? ?name? |
| '\" Give maximum sizes of arguments for setting tab stops. Type and |
| '\" name are examples of largest possible arguments that will be passed |
| '\" to .AP later. If args are omitted, default tab stops are used. |
| '\" |
| '\" .BS |
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| '\" .CS |
| '\" Begin code excerpt. |
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| '\" |
| '\" .VS ?version? ?br? |
| '\" Begin vertical sidebar, for use in marking newly-changed parts |
| '\" of man pages. The first argument is ignored and used for recording |
| '\" the version when the .VS was added, so that the sidebars can be |
| '\" found and removed when they reach a certain age. If another argument |
| '\" is present, then a line break is forced before starting the sidebar. |
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| '\" .SO |
| '\" Start of list of standard options for a Tk widget. The |
| '\" options follow on successive lines, in four columns separated |
| '\" by tabs. |
| '\" |
| '\" .SE |
| '\" End of list of standard options for a Tk widget. |
| '\" |
| '\" .OP cmdName dbName dbClass |
| '\" Start of description of a specific option. cmdName gives the |
| '\" option's name as specified in the class command, dbName gives |
| '\" the option's name in the option database, and dbClass gives |
| '\" the option's class in the option database. |
| '\" |
| '\" .UL arg1 arg2 |
| '\" Print arg1 underlined, then print arg2 normally. |
| '\" |
| '\" RCS: @(#) $Id: man.macros,v 1.4 2000/08/25 06:18:32 ericm Exp $ |
| '\" |
| '\" # Set up traps and other miscellaneous stuff for Tcl/Tk man pages. |
| .if t .wh -1.3i ^B |
| .nr ^l \n(.l |
| .ad b |
| '\" # Start an argument description |
| .de AP |
| .ie !"\\$4"" .TP \\$4 |
| .el \{\ |
| . ie !"\\$2"" .TP \\n()Cu |
| . el .TP 15 |
| .\} |
| .ta \\n()Au \\n()Bu |
| .ie !"\\$3"" \{\ |
| \&\\$1 \\fI\\$2\\fP (\\$3) |
| .\".b |
| .\} |
| .el \{\ |
| .br |
| .ie !"\\$2"" \{\ |
| \&\\$1 \\fI\\$2\\fP |
| .\} |
| .el \{\ |
| \&\\fI\\$1\\fP |
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| .\} |
| .. |
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| .nr )A 10n |
| .if !"\\$1"" .nr )A \\w'\\$1'u+3n |
| .nr )B \\n()Au+15n |
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| .if !"\\$2"" .nr )B \\w'\\$2'u+\\n()Au+3n |
| .nr )C \\n()Bu+\\w'(in/out)'u+2n |
| .. |
| .AS Tcl_Interp Tcl_CreateInterp in/out |
| '\" # BS - start boxed text |
| '\" # ^y = starting y location |
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| .de BE |
| .nf |
| .ti 0 |
| .mk ^t |
| .ie n \l'\\n(^lu\(ul' |
| .el \{\ |
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| .\" box if the box started on an earlier page. |
| .ie !\\n(^b-1 \{\ |
| \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul' |
| .\} |
| .el \}\ |
| \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul' |
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| .sp -1 |
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| .. |
| '\" # Special macro to handle page bottom: finish off current |
| '\" # box/sidebar if in box/sidebar mode, then invoked standard |
| '\" # page bottom macro. |
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| .ev 2 |
| 'ti 0 |
| 'nf |
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| .if \\n(^b \{\ |
| .\" Draw three-sided box if this is the box's first page, |
| .\" draw two sides but no top otherwise. |
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| .el \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c |
| .\} |
| .if \\n(^v \{\ |
| .nr ^x \\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu |
| \kx\h'-\\nxu'\h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\ky\L'-\\n(^xu'\v'\\n(^xu'\h'|0u'\c |
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| .ev |
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| .de DS |
| .RS |
| .nf |
| .sp |
| .. |
| '\" # DE - end display |
| .de DE |
| .fi |
| .RE |
| .sp |
| .. |
| '\" # SO - start of list of standard options |
| .de SO |
| .SH "STANDARD OPTIONS" |
| .LP |
| .nf |
| .ta 5.5c 11c |
| .ft B |
| .. |
| '\" # SE - end of list of standard options |
| .de SE |
| .fi |
| .ft R |
| .LP |
| See the \\fBoptions\\fR manual entry for details on the standard options. |
| .. |
| '\" # OP - start of full description for a single option |
| .de OP |
| .LP |
| .nf |
| .ta 4c |
| Command-Line Name: \\fB\\$1\\fR |
| Database Name: \\fB\\$2\\fR |
| Database Class: \\fB\\$3\\fR |
| .fi |
| .IP |
| .. |
| '\" # CS - begin code excerpt |
| .de CS |
| .RS |
| .nf |
| .ta .25i .5i .75i 1i |
| .. |
| '\" # CE - end code excerpt |
| .de CE |
| .fi |
| .RE |
| .. |
| .de UL |
| \\$1\l'|0\(ul'\\$2 |
| .. |
| .TH grid n 8.4 Tk "Tk Built-In Commands" |
| .BS |
| '\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below! |
| .SH NAME |
| grid \- Geometry manager that arranges widgets in a grid |
| .SH SYNOPSIS |
| \fBgrid \fIoption arg \fR?\fIarg ...\fR? |
| .BE |
| |
| .SH DESCRIPTION |
| .PP |
| The \fBgrid\fR command is used to communicate with the grid |
| geometry manager that arranges widgets in rows and columns inside |
| of another window, called the geometry master (or master window). |
| The \fBgrid\fR command can have any of several forms, depending |
| on the \fIoption\fR argument: |
| .TP |
| \fBgrid \fIslave \fR?\fIslave ...\fR? ?\fIoptions\fR? |
| If the first argument to \fBgrid\fR is suitable as the first slave |
| argument to \fBgrid configure\fR, either a window name (any value |
| starting with \fB.\fP) or one of the characters \fBx\fP or \fB^\fP |
| (see the ``RELATIVE PLACEMENT'' section below), then the command is |
| processed in the same way as \fBgrid configure\fR. |
| .TP |
| \fBgrid bbox \fImaster\fR ?\fIcolumn row\fR? ?\fIcolumn2 row2\fR? |
| With no arguments, |
| the bounding box (in pixels) of the grid is returned. |
| The return value consists of 4 integers. The first two are the pixel |
| offset from the master window (x then y) of the top-left corner of the |
| grid, and the second two integers are the width and height of the grid, |
| also in pixels. If a single \fIcolumn\fP and \fIrow\fP is specified on |
| the command line, then the bounding box for that cell is returned, where the |
| top left cell is numbered from zero. If both \fIcolumn\fP and \fIrow\fP |
| arguments are specified, then the bounding box spanning the rows and columns |
| indicated is returned. |
| .TP |
| \fBgrid columnconfigure \fImaster index \fR?\fI\-option value...\fR? |
| Query or set the column properties of the \fIindex\fP column of the |
| geometry master, \fImaster\fP. |
| .VS 8.4 |
| The valid options are \fB\-minsize\fP, \fB\-weight\fP, \fB\-uniform\fP |
| and \fB-pad\fP. |
| .VE |
| If one or more options are provided, then \fIindex\fP may be given as |
| a list of column indeces to which the configuration options will operate on. |
| The \fB\-minsize\fP option sets the minimum size, in screen units, |
| that will be permitted for this column. |
| The \fB\-weight\fP option (an integer value) |
| sets the relative weight for apportioning |
| any extra spaces among |
| columns. |
| A weight of zero (0) indicates the column will not deviate from its requested |
| size. A column whose weight is two will grow at twice the rate as a column |
| of weight one when extra space is allocated to the layout. |
| .VS 8.4 |
| The \fB-uniform\fP option, when a non-empty value is supplied, places |
| the column in a \fIuniform group\fP with other columns that have the |
| same value for \fB-uniform\fP. The space for columns belonging to a |
| uniform group is allocated so that their sizes are always in strict |
| proportion to their \fB-weight\fP values. See |
| ``THE GRID ALGORITHM'' below for further details. |
| .VE |
| The \fB-pad\fP option specifies the number of screen units that will be |
| added to the largest window contained completely in that column when the |
| grid geometry manager requests a size from the containing window. |
| If only an option is specified, with no value, |
| the current value of that option is returned. |
| If only the master window and index is specified, all the current settings |
| are returned in an list of "-option value" pairs. |
| .TP |
| \fBgrid configure \fIslave \fR?\fIslave ...\fR? ?\fIoptions\fR? |
| The arguments consist of the names of one or more slave windows |
| followed by pairs of arguments that specify how |
| to manage the slaves. |
| The characters \fB\-\fP, \fBx\fP and \fB^\fP, |
| can be specified instead of a window name to alter the default |
| location of a \fIslave\fP, as described in the ``RELATIVE PLACEMENT'' |
| section, below. |
| The following options are supported: |
| .RS |
| .TP |
| \fB\-column \fIn\fR |
| Insert the slave so that it occupies the \fIn\fPth column in the grid. |
| Column numbers start with 0. If this option is not supplied, then the |
| slave is arranged just to the right of previous slave specified on this |
| call to \fIgrid\fP, or column "0" if it is the first slave. For each |
| \fBx\fP that immediately precedes the \fIslave\fP, the column position |
| is incremented by one. Thus the \fBx\fP represents a blank column |
| for this row in the grid. |
| .TP |
| \fB\-columnspan \fIn\fR |
| Insert the slave so that it occupies \fIn\fP columns in the grid. |
| The default is one column, unless the window name is followed by a |
| \fB\-\fP, in which case the columnspan is incremented once for each immediately |
| following \fB\-\fP. |
| .TP |
| \fB\-in \fIother\fR |
| Insert the slave(s) in the master |
| window given by \fIother\fR. The default is the first slave's |
| parent window. |
| .TP |
| \fB\-ipadx \fIamount\fR |
| The \fIamount\fR specifies how much horizontal internal padding to |
| leave on each side of the slave(s). This is space is added |
| inside the slave(s) border. |
| The \fIamount\fR must be a valid screen distance, such as \fB2\fR or \fB.5c\fR. |
| It defaults to 0. |
| .TP |
| \fB\-ipady \fIamount\fR |
| The \fIamount\fR specifies how much vertical internal padding to |
| leave on on the top and bottom of the slave(s). |
| This space is added inside the slave(s) border. |
| The \fIamount\fR defaults to 0. |
| .TP |
| \fB\-padx \fIamount\fR |
| The \fIamount\fR specifies how much horizontal external padding to |
| leave on each side of the slave(s), in screen units. |
| \fIAmount\fR may be a list |
| of two values to specify padding for left and right separately. |
| The \fIamount\fR defaults to 0. |
| This space is added outside the slave(s) border. |
| .TP |
| \fB\-pady \fIamount\fR |
| The \fIamount\fR specifies how much vertical external padding to |
| leave on the top and bottom of the slave(s), in screen units. |
| \fIAmount\fR may be a list |
| of two values to specify padding for top and bottom separately. |
| The \fIamount\fR defaults to 0. |
| This space is added outside the slave(s) border. |
| .TP |
| \fB\-row \fIn\fR |
| Insert the slave so that it occupies the \fIn\fPth row in the grid. |
| Row numbers start with 0. If this option is not supplied, then the |
| slave is arranged on the same row as the previous slave specified on this |
| call to \fBgrid\fP, or the first unoccupied row if this is the first slave. |
| .TP |
| \fB\-rowspan \fIn\fR |
| Insert the slave so that it occupies \fIn\fP rows in the grid. |
| The default is one row. If the next \fBgrid\fP command contains |
| \fB^\fP characters instead of \fIslaves\fP that line up with the columns |
| of this \fIslave\fP, then the \fBrowspan\fP of this \fIslave\fP is |
| extended by one. |
| .TP |
| \fB\-sticky \fIstyle\fR |
| If a slave's cell is larger than its requested dimensions, this |
| option may be used to position (or stretch) the slave within its cell. |
| \fIStyle\fR is a string that contains zero or more of the characters |
| \fBn\fP, \fBs\fP, \fBe\fP or \fBw\fP. |
| The string can optionally contains spaces or |
| commas, but they are ignored. Each letter refers to a side (north, south, |
| east, or west) that the slave will "stick" to. If both \fBn\fP and \fBs\fP (or |
| \fBe\fP and \fBw\fP) are specified, the slave will be stretched to fill the entire |
| height (or width) of its cavity. The \fBsticky\fP option subsumes the |
| combination of \fB\-anchor\fP and \fB\-fill\fP that is used by \fBpack\fP. |
| The default is \fB{}\fP, which causes the slave to be centered in its cavity, |
| at its requested size. |
| .LP |
| If any of the slaves are already managed by the geometry manager |
| then any unspecified options for them retain their previous values rather |
| than receiving default values. |
| .RE |
| .TP |
| \fBgrid forget \fIslave \fR?\fIslave ...\fR? |
| Removes each of the \fIslave\fRs from grid for its |
| master and unmaps their windows. |
| The slaves will no longer be managed by the grid geometry manager. |
| The configuration options for that window are forgotten, so that if the |
| slave is managed once more by the grid geometry manager, the initial |
| default settings are used. |
| .TP |
| \fBgrid info \fIslave\fR |
| Returns a list whose elements are the current configuration state of |
| the slave given by \fIslave\fR in the same option-value form that |
| might be specified to \fBgrid configure\fR. |
| The first two elements of the list are ``\fB\-in \fImaster\fR'' where |
| \fImaster\fR is the slave's master. |
| .TP |
| \fBgrid location \fImaster x y\fR |
| Given \fIx\fP and \fIy\fP values in screen units relative to the master window, |
| the column and row number at that \fIx\fP and \fIy\fP location is returned. |
| For locations that are above or to the left of the grid, \fB-1\fP is returned. |
| .TP |
| \fBgrid propagate \fImaster\fR ?\fIboolean\fR? |
| If \fIboolean\fR has a true boolean value such as \fB1\fR or \fBon\fR |
| then propagation is enabled for \fImaster\fR, which must be a window |
| name (see ``GEOMETRY PROPAGATION'' below). |
| If \fIboolean\fR has a false boolean value then propagation is |
| disabled for \fImaster\fR. |
| In either of these cases an empty string is returned. |
| If \fIboolean\fR is omitted then the command returns \fB0\fR or |
| \fB1\fR to indicate whether propagation is currently enabled |
| for \fImaster\fR. |
| Propagation is enabled by default. |
| .TP |
| \fBgrid rowconfigure \fImaster index \fR?\fI\-option value...\fR? |
| Query or set the row properties of the \fIindex\fP row of the |
| geometry master, \fImaster\fP. |
| .VS 8.4 |
| The valid options are \fB\-minsize\fP, \fB\-weight\fP, \fB\-uniform\fP |
| and \fB-pad\fP. |
| .VE |
| If one or more options are provided, then \fIindex\fP may be given as |
| a list of row indeces to which the configuration options will operate on. |
| The \fB\-minsize\fP option sets the minimum size, in screen units, |
| that will be permitted for this row. |
| The \fB\-weight\fP option (an integer value) |
| sets the relative weight for apportioning |
| any extra spaces among |
| rows. |
| A weight of zero (0) indicates the row will not deviate from its requested |
| size. A row whose weight is two will grow at twice the rate as a row |
| of weight one when extra space is allocated to the layout. |
| .VS 8.4 |
| The \fB-uniform\fP option, when a non-empty value is supplied, places |
| the row in a \fIuniform group\fP with other rows that have the |
| same value for \fB-uniform\fP. The space for rows belonging to a |
| uniform group is allocated so that their sizes are always in strict |
| proportion to their \fB-weight\fP values. See |
| ``THE GRID ALGORITHM'' below for further details. |
| .VE |
| The \fB-pad\fP option specifies the number of screen units that will be |
| added to the largest window contained completely in that row when the |
| grid geometry manager requests a size from the containing window. |
| If only an option is specified, with no value, |
| the current value of that option is returned. |
| If only the master window and index is specified, all the current settings |
| are returned in an list of "-option value" pairs. |
| .TP |
| \fBgrid remove \fIslave \fR?\fIslave ...\fR? |
| Removes each of the \fIslave\fRs from grid for its |
| master and unmaps their windows. |
| The slaves will no longer be managed by the grid geometry manager. |
| However, the configuration options for that window are remembered, |
| so that if the |
| slave is managed once more by the grid geometry manager, the previous |
| values are retained. |
| .TP |
| \fBgrid size \fImaster\fR |
| Returns the size of the grid (in columns then rows) for \fImaster\fP. |
| The size is determined either by the \fIslave\fP occupying the largest |
| row or column, or the largest column or row with a \fBminsize\fP, |
| \fBweight\fP, or \fBpad\fP that is non-zero. |
| .TP |
| \fBgrid slaves \fImaster\fR ?\fI\-option value\fR? |
| If no options are supplied, a list of all of the slaves in \fImaster\fR |
| are returned, most recently manages first. |
| \fIOption\fP can be either \fB\-row\fP or \fB\-column\fP which |
| causes only the slaves in the row (or column) specified by \fIvalue\fP |
| to be returned. |
| .SH "RELATIVE PLACEMENT" |
| .PP |
| The \fBgrid\fP command contains a limited set of capabilities that |
| permit layouts to be created without specifying the row and column |
| information for each slave. This permits slaves to be rearranged, |
| added, or removed without the need to explicitly specify row and |
| column information. |
| When no column or row information is specified for a \fIslave\fP, |
| default values are chosen for |
| \fBcolumn\fP, \fBrow\fP, \fBcolumnspan\fP and \fBrowspan\fP |
| at the time the \fIslave\fP is managed. The values are chosen |
| based upon the current layout of the grid, the position of the \fIslave\fP |
| relative to other \fIslave\fPs in the same grid command, and the presence |
| of the characters \fB\-\fP, \fBx\fP, and \fB^\fP in \fBgrid\fP |
| command where \fIslave\fP names are normally expected. |
| .RS |
| .TP |
| \fB\-\fP |
| This increases the columnspan of the \fIslave\fP to the left. Several |
| \fB\-\fP's in a row will successively increase the columnspan. A \fB\-\fP |
| may not follow a \fB^\fP or a \fBx\fP, nor may it be the first \fIslave\fP |
| argument to \fBgrid configure\fR. |
| .TP |
| \fBx\fP |
| This leaves an empty column between the \fIslave\fP on the left and |
| the \fIslave\fP on the right. |
| .TP |
| \fB^\fP |
| This extends the \fBrowspan\fP of the \fIslave\fP above the \fB^\fP's |
| in the grid. The number of \fB^\fP's in a row must match the number of |
| columns spanned by the \fIslave\fP above it. |
| .RE |
| .SH "THE GRID ALGORITHM" |
| .PP |
| The grid geometry manager lays out its slaves in three steps. |
| In the first step, the minimum size needed to fit all of the slaves |
| is computed, then (if propagation is turned on), a request is made |
| of the master window to become that size. |
| In the second step, the requested size is compared against the actual size |
| of the master. If the sizes are different, then spaces is added to or taken |
| away from the layout as needed. |
| For the final step, each slave is positioned in its row(s) and column(s) |
| based on the setting of its \fIsticky\fP flag. |
| .PP |
| To compute the minimum size of a layout, the grid geometry manager |
| first looks at all slaves whose columnspan and rowspan values are one, |
| and computes the nominal size of each row or column to be either the |
| \fIminsize\fP for that row or column, or the sum of the \fIpad\fPding |
| plus the size of the largest slave, whichever is greater. After that |
| the rows or columns in each uniform group adapt to each other. Then |
| the slaves whose rowspans or columnspans are greater than one are |
| examined. If a group of rows or columns need to be increased in size |
| in order to accommodate these slaves, then extra space is added to each |
| row or column in the group according to its \fIweight\fP. For each |
| group whose weights are all zero, the additional space is apportioned |
| equally. |
| .PP |
| When multiple rows or columns belong to a uniform group, the space |
| allocated to them is always in proportion to their weights. (A weight |
| of zero is considered to be 1.) In other words, a row or column |
| configured with \fB-weight 1 -uniform a\fP will have exactly the same |
| size as any other row or column configured with \fB-weight 1 -uniform |
| a\fP. A row or column configured with \fB-weight 2 -uniform b\fR will |
| be exactly twice as large as one that is configured with \fB-weight 1 |
| -uniform b\fP. |
| .PP |
| More technically, each row or column in the group will have a size |
| equal to \fIk*weight\fP for some constant \fIk\fP. The constant |
| \fIk\fP is chosen so that no row or column becomes smaller than its |
| minimum size. For example, if all rows or columns in a group have the |
| same weight, then each row or column will have the same size as the |
| largest row or column in the group. |
| .PP |
| For masters whose size is larger than the requested layout, the additional |
| space is apportioned according to the row and column weights. If all of |
| the weights are zero, the layout is centered within its master. |
| For masters whose size is smaller than the requested layout, space is taken |
| away from columns and rows according to their weights. However, once a |
| column or row shrinks to its minsize, its weight is taken to be zero. |
| If more space needs to be removed from a layout than would be permitted, as |
| when all the rows or columns are at there minimum sizes, the layout is |
| clipped on the bottom and right. |
| .SH "GEOMETRY PROPAGATION" |
| .PP |
| The grid geometry manager normally computes how large a master must be to |
| just exactly meet the needs of its slaves, and it sets the |
| requested width and height of the master to these dimensions. |
| This causes geometry information to propagate up through a |
| window hierarchy to a top-level window so that the entire |
| sub-tree sizes itself to fit the needs of the leaf windows. |
| However, the \fBgrid propagate\fR command may be used to |
| turn off propagation for one or more masters. |
| If propagation is disabled then grid will not set |
| the requested width and height of the master window. |
| This may be useful if, for example, you wish for a master |
| window to have a fixed size that you specify. |
| |
| .SH "RESTRICTIONS ON MASTER WINDOWS" |
| .PP |
| The master for each slave must either be the slave's parent |
| (the default) or a descendant of the slave's parent. |
| This restriction is necessary to guarantee that the |
| slave can be placed over any part of its master that is |
| visible without danger of the slave being clipped by its parent. |
| In addition, all slaves in one call to \fBgrid\fP must have the same master. |
| .SH "STACKING ORDER" |
| .PP |
| If the master for a slave is not its parent then you must make sure |
| that the slave is higher in the stacking order than the master. |
| Otherwise the master will obscure the slave and it will appear as |
| if the slave hasn't been managed correctly. |
| The easiest way to make sure the slave is higher than the master is |
| to create the master window first: the most recently created window |
| will be highest in the stacking order. |
| .SH CREDITS |
| .PP |
| The \fBgrid\fP command is based on ideas taken from the \fIGridBag\fP |
| geometry manager written by Doug. Stein, and the \fBblt_table\fR geometry |
| manager, written by George Howlett. |
| .SH KEYWORDS |
| geometry manager, location, grid, cell, propagation, size, pack |