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| .rm #[ #] #H #V #F C |
| .\" ======================================================================== |
| .\" |
| .IX Title "GPL 7" |
| .TH GPL 7 "2007-03-17" "gcc-4.2.0" "GNU" |
| .SH "NAME" |
| gpl \- GNU General Public License |
| .SH "DESCRIPTION" |
| .IX Header "DESCRIPTION" |
| .Sh "\s-1GNU\s0 \s-1GENERAL\s0 \s-1PUBLIC\s0 \s-1LICENSE\s0" |
| .IX Subsection "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE" |
| .Sh "Version 2, June 1991" |
| .IX Subsection "Version 2, June 1991" |
| .Vb 2 |
| \& Copyright (c) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
| \& 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| .Vb 2 |
| \& Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies |
| \& of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. |
| .Ve |
| .Sh "Preamble" |
| .IX Subsection "Preamble" |
| .Vb 9 |
| \& The licenses for most software are designed to take away your |
| \&freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public |
| \&License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free |
| \&software---to make sure the software is free for all its users. This |
| \&General Public License applies to most of the Free Software |
| \&Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to |
| \&using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by |
| \&the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to |
| \&your programs, too. |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| .Vb 6 |
| \& When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not |
| \&price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you |
| \&have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for |
| \&this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it |
| \&if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it |
| \&in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| .Vb 4 |
| \& To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid |
| \&anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. |
| \&These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you |
| \&distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| .Vb 5 |
| \& For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether |
| \&gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that |
| \&you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the |
| \&source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their |
| \&rights. |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| .Vb 3 |
| \& We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and |
| \&(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, |
| \&distribute and/or modify the software. |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| .Vb 6 |
| \& Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain |
| \&that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free |
| \&software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we |
| \&want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so |
| \&that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original |
| \&authors' reputations. |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| .Vb 5 |
| \& Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software |
| \&patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free |
| \&program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the |
| \&program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any |
| \&patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| .Vb 2 |
| \& The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and |
| \&modification follow. |
| .Ve |
| .Sh "\s-1TERMS\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1CONDITIONS\s0 \s-1FOR\s0 \s-1COPYING\s0, \s-1DISTRIBUTION\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1MODIFICATION\s0" |
| .IX Subsection "TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION" |
| .IP "0." 4 |
| This License applies to any program or other work which contains |
| a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed |
| under the terms of this General Public License. The \*(L"Program\*(R", below, |
| refers to any such program or work, and a \*(L"work based on the Program\*(R" |
| means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: |
| that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, |
| either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another |
| language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in |
| the term \*(L"modification\*(R".) Each licensee is addressed as \*(L"you\*(R". |
| .Sp |
| Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not |
| covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of |
| running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program |
| is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the |
| Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). |
| Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. |
| .IP "1." 4 |
| You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's |
| source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you |
| conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate |
| copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the |
| notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; |
| and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License |
| along with the Program. |
| .Sp |
| You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and |
| you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. |
| .IP "2." 4 |
| You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion |
| of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and |
| distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 |
| above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: |
| .RS 4 |
| .IP "a." 4 |
| You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices |
| stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. |
| .IP "b." 4 |
| You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in |
| whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any |
| part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third |
| parties under the terms of this License. |
| .IP "c." 4 |
| If the modified program normally reads commands interactively |
| when run, you must cause it, when started running for such |
| interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an |
| announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a |
| notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide |
| a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under |
| these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this |
| License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but |
| does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on |
| the Program is not required to print an announcement.) |
| .RE |
| .RS 4 |
| .Sp |
| These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If |
| identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, |
| and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in |
| themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those |
| sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you |
| distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based |
| on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of |
| this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the |
| entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. |
| .Sp |
| Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest |
| your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to |
| exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or |
| collective works based on the Program. |
| .Sp |
| In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program |
| with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of |
| a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under |
| the scope of this License. |
| .RE |
| .IP "3." 4 |
| You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, |
| under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of |
| Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: |
| .RS 4 |
| .IP "a." 4 |
| Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable |
| source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections |
| 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, |
| .IP "b." 4 |
| Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three |
| years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your |
| cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete |
| machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be |
| distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium |
| customarily used for software interchange; or, |
| .IP "c." 4 |
| Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer |
| to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is |
| allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you |
| received the program in object code or executable form with such |
| an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) |
| .RE |
| .RS 4 |
| .Sp |
| The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for |
| making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source |
| code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any |
| associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to |
| control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a |
| special exception, the source code distributed need not include |
| anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary |
| form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the |
| operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component |
| itself accompanies the executable. |
| .Sp |
| If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering |
| access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent |
| access to copy the source code from the same place counts as |
| distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not |
| compelled to copy the source along with the object code. |
| .RE |
| .IP "4." 4 |
| You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program |
| except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt |
| otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is |
| void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. |
| However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under |
| this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such |
| parties remain in full compliance. |
| .IP "5." 4 |
| You are not required to accept this License, since you have not |
| signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or |
| distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are |
| prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by |
| modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the |
| Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and |
| all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying |
| the Program or works based on it. |
| .IP "6." 4 |
| Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the |
| Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the |
| original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to |
| these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further |
| restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. |
| You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to |
| this License. |
| .IP "7." 4 |
| If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent |
| infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), |
| conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or |
| otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not |
| excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot |
| distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this |
| License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you |
| may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent |
| license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by |
| all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then |
| the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to |
| refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. |
| .Sp |
| If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under |
| any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to |
| apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other |
| circumstances. |
| .Sp |
| It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any |
| patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any |
| such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the |
| integrity of the free software distribution system, which is |
| implemented by public license practices. Many people have made |
| generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed |
| through that system in reliance on consistent application of that |
| system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing |
| to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot |
| impose that choice. |
| .Sp |
| This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to |
| be a consequence of the rest of this License. |
| .IP "8." 4 |
| If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in |
| certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the |
| original copyright holder who places the Program under this License |
| may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding |
| those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among |
| countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates |
| the limitation as if written in the body of this License. |
| .IP "9." 4 |
| The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions |
| of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will |
| be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to |
| address new problems or concerns. |
| .Sp |
| Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program |
| specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and \*(L"any |
| later version\*(R", you have the option of following the terms and conditions |
| either of that version or of any later version published by the Free |
| Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of |
| this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software |
| Foundation. |
| .IP "10." 4 |
| .IX Item "10." |
| If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free |
| programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author |
| to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free |
| Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes |
| make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals |
| of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and |
| of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. |
| .Sh "\s-1NO\s0 \s-1WARRANTY\s0" |
| .IX Subsection "NO WARRANTY" |
| .IP "11." 4 |
| .IX Item "11." |
| \&\s-1BECAUSE\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 \s-1IS\s0 \s-1LICENSED\s0 \s-1FREE\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1CHARGE\s0, \s-1THERE\s0 \s-1IS\s0 \s-1NO\s0 \s-1WARRANTY\s0 |
| \&\s-1FOR\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0, \s-1TO\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1EXTENT\s0 \s-1PERMITTED\s0 \s-1BY\s0 \s-1APPLICABLE\s0 \s-1LAW\s0. \s-1EXCEPT\s0 \s-1WHEN\s0 |
| \&\s-1OTHERWISE\s0 \s-1STATED\s0 \s-1IN\s0 \s-1WRITING\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1COPYRIGHT\s0 \s-1HOLDERS\s0 \s-1AND/OR\s0 \s-1OTHER\s0 \s-1PARTIES\s0 |
| \&\s-1PROVIDE\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 \*(L"\s-1AS\s0 \s-1IS\s0\*(R" \s-1WITHOUT\s0 \s-1WARRANTY\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1ANY\s0 \s-1KIND\s0, \s-1EITHER\s0 \s-1EXPRESSED\s0 |
| \&\s-1OR\s0 \s-1IMPLIED\s0, \s-1INCLUDING\s0, \s-1BUT\s0 \s-1NOT\s0 \s-1LIMITED\s0 \s-1TO\s0, \s-1THE\s0 \s-1IMPLIED\s0 \s-1WARRANTIES\s0 \s-1OF\s0 |
| \&\s-1MERCHANTABILITY\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1FITNESS\s0 \s-1FOR\s0 A \s-1PARTICULAR\s0 \s-1PURPOSE\s0. \s-1THE\s0 \s-1ENTIRE\s0 \s-1RISK\s0 \s-1AS\s0 |
| \&\s-1TO\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1QUALITY\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1PERFORMANCE\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 \s-1IS\s0 \s-1WITH\s0 \s-1YOU\s0. \s-1SHOULD\s0 \s-1THE\s0 |
| \&\s-1PROGRAM\s0 \s-1PROVE\s0 \s-1DEFECTIVE\s0, \s-1YOU\s0 \s-1ASSUME\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1COST\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1ALL\s0 \s-1NECESSARY\s0 \s-1SERVICING\s0, |
| \&\s-1REPAIR\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1CORRECTION\s0. |
| .IP "12." 4 |
| .IX Item "12." |
| \&\s-1IN\s0 \s-1NO\s0 \s-1EVENT\s0 \s-1UNLESS\s0 \s-1REQUIRED\s0 \s-1BY\s0 \s-1APPLICABLE\s0 \s-1LAW\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1AGREED\s0 \s-1TO\s0 \s-1IN\s0 \s-1WRITING\s0 |
| \&\s-1WILL\s0 \s-1ANY\s0 \s-1COPYRIGHT\s0 \s-1HOLDER\s0, \s-1OR\s0 \s-1ANY\s0 \s-1OTHER\s0 \s-1PARTY\s0 \s-1WHO\s0 \s-1MAY\s0 \s-1MODIFY\s0 \s-1AND/OR\s0 |
| \&\s-1REDISTRIBUTE\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 \s-1AS\s0 \s-1PERMITTED\s0 \s-1ABOVE\s0, \s-1BE\s0 \s-1LIABLE\s0 \s-1TO\s0 \s-1YOU\s0 \s-1FOR\s0 \s-1DAMAGES\s0, |
| \&\s-1INCLUDING\s0 \s-1ANY\s0 \s-1GENERAL\s0, \s-1SPECIAL\s0, \s-1INCIDENTAL\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1CONSEQUENTIAL\s0 \s-1DAMAGES\s0 \s-1ARISING\s0 |
| \&\s-1OUT\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1USE\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1INABILITY\s0 \s-1TO\s0 \s-1USE\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 (\s-1INCLUDING\s0 \s-1BUT\s0 \s-1NOT\s0 \s-1LIMITED\s0 |
| \&\s-1TO\s0 \s-1LOSS\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1DATA\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1DATA\s0 \s-1BEING\s0 \s-1RENDERED\s0 \s-1INACCURATE\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1LOSSES\s0 \s-1SUSTAINED\s0 \s-1BY\s0 |
| \&\s-1YOU\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1THIRD\s0 \s-1PARTIES\s0 \s-1OR\s0 A \s-1FAILURE\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 \s-1TO\s0 \s-1OPERATE\s0 \s-1WITH\s0 \s-1ANY\s0 \s-1OTHER\s0 |
| \&\s-1PROGRAMS\s0), \s-1EVEN\s0 \s-1IF\s0 \s-1SUCH\s0 \s-1HOLDER\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1OTHER\s0 \s-1PARTY\s0 \s-1HAS\s0 \s-1BEEN\s0 \s-1ADVISED\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1THE\s0 |
| \&\s-1POSSIBILITY\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1SUCH\s0 \s-1DAMAGES\s0. |
| .Sh "\s-1END\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1TERMS\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1CONDITIONS\s0" |
| .IX Subsection "END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS" |
| .Sh "Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs" |
| .IX Subsection "Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs" |
| .Vb 3 |
| \& If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest |
| \&possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it |
| \&free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| .Vb 4 |
| \& To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest |
| \&to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively |
| \&convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least |
| \&the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| .Vb 2 |
| \& <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.> |
| \& Copyright (C) <year> <name of author> |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| .Vb 4 |
| \& This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
| \& it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
| \& the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or |
| \& (at your option) any later version. |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| .Vb 4 |
| \& This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
| \& but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
| \& MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
| \& GNU General Public License for more details. |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| .Vb 3 |
| \& You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
| \& along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software |
| \& Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. |
| .PP |
| If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this |
| when it starts in an interactive mode: |
| .PP |
| .Vb 5 |
| \& Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) <year> <name of author> |
| \& Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details |
| \& type `show w'. |
| \& This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it |
| \& under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| The hypothetical commands \fBshow w\fR and \fBshow c\fR should show |
| the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the |
| commands you use may be called something other than \fBshow w\fR and |
| \&\fBshow c\fR; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items\-\-\-whatever |
| suits your program. |
| .PP |
| You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your |
| school, if any, to sign a \*(L"copyright disclaimer\*(R" for the program, if |
| necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: |
| .PP |
| .Vb 2 |
| \& Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program |
| \& `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| .Vb 2 |
| \& <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989 |
| \& Ty Coon, President of Vice |
| .Ve |
| .PP |
| This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into |
| proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may |
| consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the |
| library. If this is what you want to do, use the \s-1GNU\s0 Library General |
| Public License instead of this License. |
| .SH "SEE ALSO" |
| .IX Header "SEE ALSO" |
| \&\fIgfdl\fR\|(7), \fIfsf\-funding\fR\|(7). |
| .SH "COPYRIGHT" |
| .IX Header "COPYRIGHT" |
| Copyright (c) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
| 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, \s-1MA\s0 02110\-1301, \s-1USA\s0 |
| .PP |
| Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies |
| of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. |