blob: 6201dd188ffbf29dc26e347b122577a2640f1733 [file] [log] [blame]
#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# Copyright 2009 Facebook
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""HTTP utility code shared by clients and servers."""
from __future__ import absolute_import, division, with_statement
import logging
import urllib
import re
from tornado.util import b, ObjectDict
class HTTPHeaders(dict):
"""A dictionary that maintains Http-Header-Case for all keys.
Supports multiple values per key via a pair of new methods,
add() and get_list(). The regular dictionary interface returns a single
value per key, with multiple values joined by a comma.
>>> h = HTTPHeaders({"content-type": "text/html"})
>>> h.keys()
['Content-Type']
>>> h["Content-Type"]
'text/html'
>>> h.add("Set-Cookie", "A=B")
>>> h.add("Set-Cookie", "C=D")
>>> h["set-cookie"]
'A=B,C=D'
>>> h.get_list("set-cookie")
['A=B', 'C=D']
>>> for (k,v) in sorted(h.get_all()):
... print '%s: %s' % (k,v)
...
Content-Type: text/html
Set-Cookie: A=B
Set-Cookie: C=D
"""
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
# Don't pass args or kwargs to dict.__init__, as it will bypass
# our __setitem__
dict.__init__(self)
self._as_list = {}
self._last_key = None
if (len(args) == 1 and len(kwargs) == 0 and
isinstance(args[0], HTTPHeaders)):
# Copy constructor
for k, v in args[0].get_all():
self.add(k, v)
else:
# Dict-style initialization
self.update(*args, **kwargs)
# new public methods
def add(self, name, value):
"""Adds a new value for the given key."""
norm_name = HTTPHeaders._normalize_name(name)
self._last_key = norm_name
if norm_name in self:
# bypass our override of __setitem__ since it modifies _as_list
dict.__setitem__(self, norm_name, self[norm_name] + ',' + value)
self._as_list[norm_name].append(value)
else:
self[norm_name] = value
def get_list(self, name):
"""Returns all values for the given header as a list."""
norm_name = HTTPHeaders._normalize_name(name)
return self._as_list.get(norm_name, [])
def get_all(self):
"""Returns an iterable of all (name, value) pairs.
If a header has multiple values, multiple pairs will be
returned with the same name.
"""
for name, list in self._as_list.iteritems():
for value in list:
yield (name, value)
def parse_line(self, line):
"""Updates the dictionary with a single header line.
>>> h = HTTPHeaders()
>>> h.parse_line("Content-Type: text/html")
>>> h.get('content-type')
'text/html'
"""
if line[0].isspace():
# continuation of a multi-line header
new_part = ' ' + line.lstrip()
self._as_list[self._last_key][-1] += new_part
dict.__setitem__(self, self._last_key,
self[self._last_key] + new_part)
else:
name, value = line.split(":", 1)
self.add(name, value.strip())
@classmethod
def parse(cls, headers):
"""Returns a dictionary from HTTP header text.
>>> h = HTTPHeaders.parse("Content-Type: text/html\\r\\nContent-Length: 42\\r\\n")
>>> sorted(h.iteritems())
[('Content-Length', '42'), ('Content-Type', 'text/html')]
"""
h = cls()
for line in headers.splitlines():
if line:
h.parse_line(line)
return h
# dict implementation overrides
def __setitem__(self, name, value):
norm_name = HTTPHeaders._normalize_name(name)
dict.__setitem__(self, norm_name, value)
self._as_list[norm_name] = [value]
def __getitem__(self, name):
return dict.__getitem__(self, HTTPHeaders._normalize_name(name))
def __delitem__(self, name):
norm_name = HTTPHeaders._normalize_name(name)
dict.__delitem__(self, norm_name)
del self._as_list[norm_name]
def __contains__(self, name):
norm_name = HTTPHeaders._normalize_name(name)
return dict.__contains__(self, norm_name)
def get(self, name, default=None):
return dict.get(self, HTTPHeaders._normalize_name(name), default)
def update(self, *args, **kwargs):
# dict.update bypasses our __setitem__
for k, v in dict(*args, **kwargs).iteritems():
self[k] = v
def copy(self):
# default implementation returns dict(self), not the subclass
return HTTPHeaders(self)
_NORMALIZED_HEADER_RE = re.compile(r'^[A-Z0-9][a-z0-9]*(-[A-Z0-9][a-z0-9]*)*$')
_normalized_headers = {}
@staticmethod
def _normalize_name(name):
"""Converts a name to Http-Header-Case.
>>> HTTPHeaders._normalize_name("coNtent-TYPE")
'Content-Type'
"""
try:
return HTTPHeaders._normalized_headers[name]
except KeyError:
if HTTPHeaders._NORMALIZED_HEADER_RE.match(name):
normalized = name
else:
normalized = "-".join([w.capitalize() for w in name.split("-")])
HTTPHeaders._normalized_headers[name] = normalized
return normalized
def url_concat(url, args):
"""Concatenate url and argument dictionary regardless of whether
url has existing query parameters.
>>> url_concat("http://example.com/foo?a=b", dict(c="d"))
'http://example.com/foo?a=b&c=d'
"""
if not args:
return url
if url[-1] not in ('?', '&'):
url += '&' if ('?' in url) else '?'
return url + urllib.urlencode(args)
class HTTPFile(ObjectDict):
"""Represents an HTTP file. For backwards compatibility, its instance
attributes are also accessible as dictionary keys.
:ivar filename:
:ivar body:
:ivar content_type: The content_type comes from the provided HTTP header
and should not be trusted outright given that it can be easily forged.
"""
pass
def parse_multipart_form_data(boundary, data, arguments, files):
"""Parses a multipart/form-data body.
The boundary and data parameters are both byte strings.
The dictionaries given in the arguments and files parameters
will be updated with the contents of the body.
"""
# The standard allows for the boundary to be quoted in the header,
# although it's rare (it happens at least for google app engine
# xmpp). I think we're also supposed to handle backslash-escapes
# here but I'll save that until we see a client that uses them
# in the wild.
if boundary.startswith(b('"')) and boundary.endswith(b('"')):
boundary = boundary[1:-1]
final_boundary_index = data.rfind(b("--") + boundary + b("--"))
if final_boundary_index == -1:
logging.warning("Invalid multipart/form-data: no final boundary")
return
parts = data[:final_boundary_index].split(b("--") + boundary + b("\r\n"))
for part in parts:
if not part:
continue
eoh = part.find(b("\r\n\r\n"))
if eoh == -1:
logging.warning("multipart/form-data missing headers")
continue
headers = HTTPHeaders.parse(part[:eoh].decode("utf-8"))
disp_header = headers.get("Content-Disposition", "")
disposition, disp_params = _parse_header(disp_header)
if disposition != "form-data" or not part.endswith(b("\r\n")):
logging.warning("Invalid multipart/form-data")
continue
value = part[eoh + 4:-2]
if not disp_params.get("name"):
logging.warning("multipart/form-data value missing name")
continue
name = disp_params["name"]
if disp_params.get("filename"):
ctype = headers.get("Content-Type", "application/unknown")
files.setdefault(name, []).append(HTTPFile(
filename=disp_params["filename"], body=value,
content_type=ctype))
else:
arguments.setdefault(name, []).append(value)
# _parseparam and _parse_header are copied and modified from python2.7's cgi.py
# The original 2.7 version of this code did not correctly support some
# combinations of semicolons and double quotes.
def _parseparam(s):
while s[:1] == ';':
s = s[1:]
end = s.find(';')
while end > 0 and (s.count('"', 0, end) - s.count('\\"', 0, end)) % 2:
end = s.find(';', end + 1)
if end < 0:
end = len(s)
f = s[:end]
yield f.strip()
s = s[end:]
def _parse_header(line):
"""Parse a Content-type like header.
Return the main content-type and a dictionary of options.
"""
parts = _parseparam(';' + line)
key = parts.next()
pdict = {}
for p in parts:
i = p.find('=')
if i >= 0:
name = p[:i].strip().lower()
value = p[i + 1:].strip()
if len(value) >= 2 and value[0] == value[-1] == '"':
value = value[1:-1]
value = value.replace('\\\\', '\\').replace('\\"', '"')
pdict[name] = value
return key, pdict
def doctests():
import doctest
return doctest.DocTestSuite()