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gfiber / vendor / opensource / pf_ring / 3362c70e6599eddc73e9ad16faa9405a25513f2e / . / PF_RING-5.6.0 / userland / examples / pfcount_multichannel.c
blob: 18b1408d79cdeca86997645a6cb95993125bf381 [file] [log] [blame]
/*
*
* (C) 2005-12 - Luca Deri <deri@ntop.org>
*
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
* Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
*
* VLAN support courtesy of Vincent Magnin <vincent.magnin@ci.unil.ch>
*
*/
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <signal.h>
#include <sched.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/ip6.h>
#include <net/ethernet.h> /* the L2 protocols */
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include "pfring.h"
#define ALARM_SLEEP 1
#define DEFAULT_SNAPLEN 128
#define MAX_NUM_THREADS 64
int verbose = 0, num_channels = 1;
pfring_stat pfringStats;
static struct timeval startTime;
pfring *ring[MAX_NUM_THREADS] = { NULL };
unsigned long long numPkts[MAX_NUM_THREADS] = { 0 }, numBytes[MAX_NUM_THREADS] = { 0 };
u_int8_t wait_for_packet = 1, do_shutdown = 0;
pthread_t pd_thread[MAX_NUM_THREADS];
int thread_core_affinity[MAX_NUM_THREADS];
static u_int numCPU;
#define DEFAULT_DEVICE "eth0"
/* *************************************** */
/*
* The time difference in millisecond
*/
double delta_time (struct timeval * now,
struct timeval * before) {
time_t delta_seconds;
time_t delta_microseconds;
/*
* compute delta in second, 1/10's and 1/1000's second units
*/
delta_seconds = now -> tv_sec - before -> tv_sec;
delta_microseconds = now -> tv_usec - before -> tv_usec;
if(delta_microseconds < 0) {
/* manually carry a one from the seconds field */
delta_microseconds += 1000000; /* 1e6 */
-- delta_seconds;
}
return((double)(delta_seconds * 1000) + (double)delta_microseconds/1000);
}
/* ******************************** */
void print_stats() {
pfring_stat pfringStat;
struct timeval endTime;
double deltaMillisec;
static u_int64_t lastPkts[MAX_NUM_THREADS] = { 0 };
u_int64_t diff;
static struct timeval lastTime;
int i;
unsigned long long nBytes = 0, nPkts = 0, pkt_dropped = 0;
unsigned long long nPktsLast = 0;
double pkt_thpt = 0, tot_thpt = 0, delta;
if(startTime.tv_sec == 0) {
gettimeofday(&startTime, NULL);
return;
}
gettimeofday(&endTime, NULL);
deltaMillisec = delta_time(&endTime, &startTime);
delta = delta_time(&endTime, &lastTime);
for(i=0; i < num_channels; i++) {
nBytes += numBytes[i], nPkts += numPkts[i];
if(pfring_stats(ring[i], &pfringStat) >= 0) {
double thpt = ((double)8*numBytes[i])/(deltaMillisec*1000);
fprintf(stderr, "=========================\n"
"Absolute Stats: [channel=%d][%u pkts rcvd][%u pkts dropped]\n"
"Total Pkts=%u/Dropped=%.1f %%\n",
i, (unsigned int)numPkts[i], (unsigned int)pfringStat.drop,
(unsigned int)(numPkts[i]+pfringStat.drop),
numPkts[i] == 0 ? 0 : (double)(pfringStat.drop*100)/(double)(numPkts[i]+pfringStat.drop));
fprintf(stderr, "%llu pkts - %llu bytes", numPkts[i], numBytes[i]);
fprintf(stderr, " [%.1f pkt/sec - %.2f Mbit/sec]\n", (double)(numPkts[i]*1000)/deltaMillisec, thpt);
pkt_dropped += pfringStat.drop;
if(lastTime.tv_sec > 0) {
double pps;
diff = numPkts[i]-lastPkts[i];
nPktsLast += diff;
tot_thpt += thpt;
pps = ((double)diff/(double)(delta/1000));
fprintf(stderr, "=========================\n"
"Actual Stats: [channel=%d][%llu pkts][%.1f ms][%.1f pkt/sec]\n",
i, (long long unsigned int)diff, delta, pps);
pkt_thpt += pps;
}
lastPkts[i] = numPkts[i];
}
}
lastTime.tv_sec = endTime.tv_sec, lastTime.tv_usec = endTime.tv_usec;
fprintf(stderr, "=========================\n");
fprintf(stderr, "Aggregate stats (all channels): [%.1f pkt/sec][%.2f Mbit/sec][%llu pkts dropped]\n",
(double)(nPktsLast*1000)/(double)delta, tot_thpt, pkt_dropped);
fprintf(stderr, "=========================\n\n");
}
/* ******************************** */
void sigproc(int sig) {
static int called = 0;
int i;
fprintf(stderr, "Leaving...\n");
if(called) return; else called = 1;
do_shutdown = 1;
print_stats();
fprintf(stderr, "Shutting down sockets...\n");
for(i=0; i<num_channels; i++) {
pfring_shutdown(ring[i]);
printf("\t%d...\n", i);
}
exit(0);
}
/* ******************************** */
void my_sigalarm(int sig) {
if (do_shutdown)
return;
print_stats();
alarm(ALARM_SLEEP);
signal(SIGALRM, my_sigalarm);
}
/* *************************************** */
void printHelp(void) {
printf("pfcount_multichannel\n(C) 2005-12 Deri Luca <deri@ntop.org>\n\n");
printf("-h Print this help\n");
printf("-i <device> Device name (No device@channel), and dnaX for DNA\n");
printf("-e <direction> 0=RX+TX, 1=RX only, 2=TX only\n");
printf("-l <len> Capture length\n");
printf("-w <watermark> Watermark\n");
printf("-p <poll wait> Poll wait (msec)\n");
printf("-b <cpu %%> CPU pergentage priority (0-99)\n");
printf("-a Active packet wait\n");
printf("-g <id:id...> Specifies the thread affinity mask. Each <id> represents\n"
" the codeId where the i-th will bind. Example: -g 7:6:5:4\n"
" binds thread <device>@0 on coreId 7, <device>@1 on coreId 6\n"
" and so on.\n");
printf("-r Rehash RSS packets\n");
printf("-v Verbose\n");
}
/* ****************************************************** */
static char hex[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
char* etheraddr_string(const u_char *ep, char *buf) {
u_int i, j;
char *cp;
cp = buf;
if ((j = *ep >> 4) != 0)
*cp++ = hex[j];
else
*cp++ = '0';
*cp++ = hex[*ep++ & 0xf];
for(i = 5; (int)--i >= 0;) {
*cp++ = ':';
if ((j = *ep >> 4) != 0)
*cp++ = hex[j];
else
*cp++ = '0';
*cp++ = hex[*ep++ & 0xf];
}
*cp = '\0';
return (buf);
}
/* ****************************************************** */
/*
* A faster replacement for inet_ntoa().
*/
char* _intoa(unsigned int addr, char* buf, u_short bufLen) {
char *cp, *retStr;
u_int byte;
int n;
cp = &buf[bufLen];
*--cp = '\0';
n = 4;
do {
byte = addr & 0xff;
*--cp = byte % 10 + '0';
byte /= 10;
if (byte > 0) {
*--cp = byte % 10 + '0';
byte /= 10;
if (byte > 0)
*--cp = byte + '0';
}
*--cp = '.';
addr >>= 8;
} while (--n > 0);
/* Convert the string to lowercase */
retStr = (char*)(cp+1);
return(retStr);
}
/* ************************************ */
const size_t INTOA_BUFSIZE = sizeof "ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:255.255.255.255";
#if 0
char* bad_intoa(unsigned int addr) {
static char buf[INTOA_BUFSIZE];
return(_intoa(addr, buf, sizeof(buf)));
}
#endif
char* intoa(unsigned int addr, char* b, u_short bl) {
return _intoa(addr, b, bl);
}
/* ************************************ */
inline char* in6toa(struct in6_addr addr6) {
static char buf[sizeof "ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff"];
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
"%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x",
addr6.s6_addr[0], addr6.s6_addr[1], addr6.s6_addr[2],
addr6.s6_addr[3], addr6.s6_addr[4], addr6.s6_addr[5], addr6.s6_addr[6],
addr6.s6_addr[7], addr6.s6_addr[8], addr6.s6_addr[9], addr6.s6_addr[10],
addr6.s6_addr[11], addr6.s6_addr[12], addr6.s6_addr[13], addr6.s6_addr[14],
addr6.s6_addr[15]);
return(buf);
}
/* ****************************************************** */
char* proto2str(u_short proto) {
static char protoName[8];
switch(proto) {
case IPPROTO_TCP: return("TCP");
case IPPROTO_UDP: return("UDP");
case IPPROTO_ICMP: return("ICMP");
default:
snprintf(protoName, sizeof(protoName), "%d", proto);
return(protoName);
}
}
/* ****************************************************** */
static int32_t thiszone;
void dummyProcesssPacket(const struct pfring_pkthdr *h,
const u_char *p,
const u_char *user_bytes)
{
const int BUFSIZE = 4096;
char bigbuf[BUFSIZE]; // buf into which we spew prints
int buflen = 0;
char addrbuf[INTOA_BUFSIZE];
long threadId = (long)user_bytes;
if(unlikely(do_shutdown)) return;
if(verbose) {
struct ether_header ehdr;
u_short eth_type, vlan_id;
char buf1[32], buf2[32];
struct ip ip;
int s;
uint nsec;
if(h->ts.tv_sec == 0)
gettimeofday((struct timeval*)&h->ts, NULL);
s = (h->ts.tv_sec + thiszone) % 86400;
nsec = h->extended_hdr.timestamp_ns % 1000;
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen,
"%02d:%02d:%02d.%06u%03u ",
s / 3600, (s % 3600) / 60, s % 60,
(unsigned)h->ts.tv_usec, nsec);
#if 0
for(i=0; i<32; i++) buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "%02X ", p[i]);
printf("\n");
#endif
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "[T%lu]", threadId);
if(h->extended_hdr.parsed_header_len > 0) {
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "[eth_type=0x%04X]", h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.eth_type);
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "[l3_proto=%u]", (unsigned int)h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.l3_proto);
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "[%s:%d -> ",
(h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.eth_type == 0x86DD) ?
in6toa(h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.ipv6_src) :
intoa(h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.ipv4_src, addrbuf, sizeof(addrbuf)),
h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.l4_src_port);
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "%s:%d] ",
(h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.eth_type == 0x86DD) ?
in6toa(h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.ipv6_dst) :
intoa(h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.ipv4_dst, addrbuf, sizeof(addrbuf)),
h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.l4_dst_port);
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "[%s -> %s] ",
etheraddr_string(h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.smac, buf1),
etheraddr_string(h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.dmac, buf2));
}
memcpy(&ehdr, p+h->extended_hdr.parsed_header_len, sizeof(struct ether_header));
eth_type = ntohs(ehdr.ether_type);
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "[%s -> %s][eth_type=0x%04X] ",
etheraddr_string(ehdr.ether_shost, buf1),
etheraddr_string(ehdr.ether_dhost, buf2), eth_type);
if(eth_type == 0x8100) {
vlan_id = (p[14] & 15)*256 + p[15];
eth_type = (p[16])*256 + p[17];
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "[vlan %u] ", vlan_id);
p+=4;
}
if(eth_type == 0x0800) {
memcpy(&ip, p+h->extended_hdr.parsed_header_len+sizeof(ehdr), sizeof(struct ip));
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "[%s]", proto2str(ip.ip_p));
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "[%s:%d ",
intoa(ntohl(ip.ip_src.s_addr), addrbuf, sizeof(addrbuf)),
h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.l4_src_port);
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "-> %s:%d] ",
intoa(ntohl(ip.ip_dst.s_addr), addrbuf, sizeof(addrbuf)),
h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.l4_dst_port);
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "[tos=%d][tcp_seq_num=%u][caplen=%d][len=%d][parsed_header_len=%d]"
"[eth_offset=%d][l3_offset=%d][l4_offset=%d][payload_offset=%d]\n",
h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.ipv4_tos, h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.tcp.seq_num,
h->caplen, h->len, h->extended_hdr.parsed_header_len,
h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.offset.eth_offset,
h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.offset.l3_offset,
h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.offset.l4_offset,
h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.offset.payload_offset);
} else {
if(eth_type == 0x0806)
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "[ARP]");
else
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "[eth_type=0x%04X]", eth_type);
buflen += snprintf(&bigbuf[buflen], BUFSIZE - buflen, "[caplen=%d][len=%d][parsed_header_len=%d]"
"[eth_offset=%d][l3_offset=%d][l4_offset=%d][payload_offset=%d]\n",
h->caplen, h->len, h->extended_hdr.parsed_header_len,
h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.offset.eth_offset,
h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.offset.l3_offset,
h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.offset.l4_offset,
h->extended_hdr.parsed_pkt.offset.payload_offset);
}
fputs(bigbuf, stdout);
}
numPkts[threadId]++, numBytes[threadId] += h->len+24 /* 8 Preamble + 4 CRC + 12 IFG */;
}
/* *************************************** */
int32_t gmt2local(time_t t) {
int dt, dir;
struct tm *gmt, *loc;
struct tm sgmt;
if (t == 0)
t = time(NULL);
gmt = &sgmt;
*gmt = *gmtime(&t);
loc = localtime(&t);
dt = (loc->tm_hour - gmt->tm_hour) * 60 * 60 +
(loc->tm_min - gmt->tm_min) * 60;
/*
* If the year or julian day is different, we span 00:00 GMT
* and must add or subtract a day. Check the year first to
* avoid problems when the julian day wraps.
*/
dir = loc->tm_year - gmt->tm_year;
if (dir == 0)
dir = loc->tm_yday - gmt->tm_yday;
dt += dir * 24 * 60 * 60;
return (dt);
}
/* *************************************** */
void* packet_consumer_thread(void* _id)
{
int s;
long thread_id = (long)_id;
if(numCPU > 1)
{
/* Bind this thread to a specific core */
cpu_set_t cpuset;
u_long core_id;
if (thread_core_affinity[thread_id] != -1)
core_id = thread_core_affinity[thread_id] % numCPU;
else
core_id = (thread_id + 1) % numCPU;
CPU_ZERO(&cpuset);
CPU_SET(core_id, &cpuset);
if((s = pthread_setaffinity_np(pthread_self(), sizeof(cpu_set_t), &cpuset)) != 0)
fprintf(stderr, "Error while binding thread %ld to core %ld: errno=%i\n",
thread_id, core_id, s);
else {
printf("Set thread %lu on core %lu/%u\n", thread_id, core_id, numCPU);
}
}
while(!do_shutdown) {
u_char *buffer = NULL;
struct pfring_pkthdr hdr;
if(pfring_recv(ring[thread_id], &buffer, 0, &hdr, wait_for_packet) > 0) {
dummyProcesssPacket(&hdr, buffer, (u_char*)thread_id);
} else {
if(wait_for_packet == 0) sched_yield();
//usleep(1);
}
}
return(NULL);
}
int
ethtool_set_flowdirector(int on)
{
// @TODO: plop the ethtool ioctl code in here to set up flowdirector
// perfect tuple filters.
return 0;
}
int
setup_steering(pfring* thering, const char* addr, int queue)
{
int rc;
static int rule_id = 0; // @HACK!
hw_filtering_rule rule;
intel_82599_perfect_filter_hw_rule *perfect_rule;
if (thering == 0 || addr == 0)
{
errno = EINVAL;
return -1;
}
printf("### Perfect Rule Example ###\n");
rc = pfring_set_filtering_mode(thering, hardware_only);
printf("pfring_set_filtering_mode: hardware_only %s(%d)\n",
(rc == 0) ? "SUCCEEDED" : "FAILED", rc );
/*
NOTE:
- valid protocols: UDP or TCP
*/
perfect_rule = &rule.rule_family.perfect_rule;
memset(&rule, 0, sizeof(rule));
rule.rule_family_type = intel_82599_perfect_filter_rule;
rule.rule_id = rule_id++;
perfect_rule->queue_id = queue;
perfect_rule->proto = IPPROTO_UDP;
perfect_rule->d_addr = ntohl(inet_addr(addr));
rc = pfring_add_hw_rule(thering, &rule);
if(rc != 0)
printf("pfring_add_hw_rule(%d) failed [rc=%d]: "
"did you enable the FlowDirector "
"(ethtool -K ethX ntuple on)\n",
rule.rule_id, rc);
else
printf("pfring_add_hw_rule(%d) succeeded: "
"steering UDP traffic %s:* -> *\n",
rule.rule_id,
addr);
return rc;
}
/* *************************************** */
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
char *device = NULL, c, *bind_mask = NULL;
int snaplen = DEFAULT_SNAPLEN, rc, watermark = 0, rehash_rss = 0;
packet_direction direction = rx_only_direction;
long i;
u_int16_t cpu_percentage = 0, poll_duration = 0;
u_int32_t version;
u_int32_t flags = 0;
startTime.tv_sec = 0;
thiszone = gmt2local(0);
numCPU = sysconf( _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN );
memset(thread_core_affinity, -1, sizeof(thread_core_affinity));
while((c = getopt(argc,argv,"hi:l:vae:w:b:rp:g:")) != -1) {
switch(c) {
case 'h':
printHelp();
return(0);
break;
case 'a':
wait_for_packet = 0;
break;
case 'e':
switch(atoi(optarg)) {
case rx_and_tx_direction:
case rx_only_direction:
case tx_only_direction:
direction = atoi(optarg);
break;
}
break;
case 'l':
snaplen = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'i':
device = strdup(optarg);
break;
case 'v':
verbose = 1;
break;
case 'w':
watermark = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'b':
cpu_percentage = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'r':
rehash_rss = 1;
break;
case 'p':
poll_duration = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'g':
bind_mask = strdup(optarg);
break;
}
}
if(verbose) watermark = 1;
if(device == NULL) device = DEFAULT_DEVICE;
printf("Capturing from %s\n", device);
flags |= PF_RING_PROMISC; /* hardcode: promisc=1 */
#if 0
flags |= PF_RING_DNA_FIXED_RSS_Q_0;
#else
flags |= PF_RING_DNA_SYMMETRIC_RSS; /* Note that symmetric RSS is ignored by non-DNA drivers */
#endif
flags |= PF_RING_LONG_HEADER;
num_channels = pfring_open_multichannel(device, snaplen, flags, ring);
if(num_channels <= 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "pfring_open_multichannel() returned %d [%s]\n", num_channels, strerror(errno));
return(-1);
}
if (num_channels > MAX_NUM_THREADS)
{
printf("WARNING: Too many channels (%d), using %d channels\n", num_channels, MAX_NUM_THREADS);
num_channels = MAX_NUM_THREADS;
}
else if (num_channels > numCPU)
{
printf("WARNING: More channels (%d) than available cores (%d), using %d channels\n", num_channels, numCPU, numCPU);
num_channels = numCPU;
}
else
{
printf("Found %d channels\n", num_channels);
}
if(bind_mask != NULL)
{
char *id = strtok(bind_mask, ":");
int idx = 0;
while(id != NULL) {
thread_core_affinity[idx++] = atoi(id) % numCPU;
if(idx >= num_channels) break;
id = strtok(NULL, ":");
}
}
pfring_version(ring[0], &version);
printf("Using PF_RING v.%d.%d.%d\n",
(version & 0xFFFF0000) >> 16,
(version & 0x0000FF00) >> 8,
version & 0x000000FF);
for(i=0; i<num_channels; i++)
{
char buf[32];
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "pfcount_multichannel-thread %ld", i);
pfring_set_application_name(ring[i], buf);
if((rc = pfring_set_direction(ring[i], direction)) != 0)
fprintf(stderr, "pfring_set_direction returned %d [direction=%d] (you can't capture TX with DNA)\n", rc, direction);
if((rc = pfring_set_socket_mode(ring[i], recv_only_mode)) != 0)
fprintf(stderr, "pfring_set_socket_mode returned [rc=%d]\n", rc);
if(watermark > 0) {
if((rc = pfring_set_poll_watermark(ring[i], watermark)) != 0)
fprintf(stderr, "pfring_set_poll_watermark returned [rc=%d][watermark=%d]\n", rc, watermark);
}
#if 0
setup_steering(ring[0], "192.168.30.207", -1);
/* UTDF */
setup_steering(ring[0], "224.0.1.92", 1);
setup_steering(ring[0], "224.0.1.94", 1);
setup_steering(ring[0], "224.0.1.96", 1);
/* BATS */
setup_steering(ring[0], "224.0.62.2", 2);
/* default: should go to channel 0 */
#endif
if(rehash_rss)
pfring_enable_rss_rehash(ring[i]);
if(poll_duration > 0)
pfring_set_poll_duration(ring[i], poll_duration);
pfring_enable_ring(ring[i]);
pthread_create(&pd_thread[i], NULL, packet_consumer_thread, (void*)i);
usleep(500);
}
if(cpu_percentage > 0) {
if(cpu_percentage > 99) cpu_percentage = 99;
pfring_config(cpu_percentage);
}
signal(SIGINT, sigproc);
signal(SIGTERM, sigproc);
signal(SIGINT, sigproc);
if(!verbose) {
signal(SIGALRM, my_sigalarm);
alarm(ALARM_SLEEP);
}
for(i=0; i<num_channels; i++) {
pthread_join(pd_thread[i], NULL);
pfring_close(ring[i]);
}
return(0);
}